[SCIENCE MONDAY] - MicroRNAs located on the X chromosome play a role in the regulation of the immune system and may contribute to sex differences in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases 2 March 2026 This mini review provides an overview of the emerging role of X chromosome–encoded miRNAs in the regulation of immune function, highlighting how their differential expression contributes to sex-based differences in the incidence and severity of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and discussing their potential implications for the development of sex-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. You can read the article in the following link: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/global-womens-health/articles/10.3389/fgwh.2026.1758961/full